Psycho-Education Role Of Family In Mental Health Recovery - 3300 Words

Psycho-Education On The Role Of Family In Mental Health Recovery (Essay Sample) Content: Psycho-education on the role of family in mental health recoveryNameInstructorInstitutionDatePsycho-education on the role of family in mental health recoveryRationale for psycho-educationPeople with mental health issues require constant monitoring and care, but this can be both challenging and demanding, especially for family members who also have to take care of other responsibilities. Therefore, it can be hard finding someone that truly cares about them and is readily available to support them to achieve recovery (Leese, 2014). Studies have shown that establishing therapeutic relationship with people with mental health issues helps them achieve recovery (Aldersey Whitley, 2015). Such relationships facilitate interaction and instill confidence in caregivers by virtue of patients knowing that there are people who understand their position and are looking after their best interest. Therefore, it is important that family members set up and help their kinsmen with menta l health problems because it could be easier forming therapeutic relationships, which could be important in enhancing medication compliance and promoting recovery. Families of psychiatric patients can be involved in the provision of various mental health care services, depending on the severity of the condition, ranging from provision of general information to specialized interventions such as consultation, therapies, and medication (Eassom, Giacco, Dirik, Priebe, 2014). As established above, the familial bond helps in establishing therapeutic relationships, which help family members to play a significant role in enhancing outcome of various psychological interventions and influences patients compliance with medication and treatment plans (Glick, Stekoll, Hays, 2011), which consequently result to fewer inpatient admission, short stay of inpatients, and generally improves the quality of life of patients because family members are more likely to focus on helping patients achieve emo tional and physical well-being (Tempier et al. 2013).Establishing positive therapeutic patient-centered relationships enhances patient safety and trust (Wyder, Bland Crompton, 2013), factors that influence patient experience. When patients learn to trust care-givers, they are more likely to participate in treatment and medication processes. When patients willingly take medication and give consent to treatment, it reduces patients vulnerabilities to anger and agitation, conditions which are inevitable when caregivers consider patients uncooperative or likely to cause self-harm or harm others and forced to use unconventional means such as mechanical constraint and seclusion to contain them (Bradstreet, 2015).It is easier for family members to gain trust of mentally ill patients; and consequentially inspire their confidence and willingness to not only give consent to treatment, but also reveal important personal information regarding their symptoms such as suicide ideation (Cohen et a l., 2013). By inspiring patients confidence about treatment and encouraging them to share their feelings, patients are more likely to receive better treatment and experience positive behavior and recovery. Therefore, family members can influence recovery of their loved ones by using their social ties to create understanding and an environment that will motivate them to share their experiences, seek clarification during decision-making process with regard to treatment, and achieve emotional balance (Wyder et al., 2013). This means that family members can help physicians and mental health nurses to provide alternative care for patients because patients are more likely to be more comfortable with family members than service providers (Gehart, 2012), who they are likely to mistrust because of some unpopular decisions that they might need to make to enhance safety.Some of the symptoms of mental health problems such as feelings of hopelessness, depression, and numb (Leibenluft, 2011) are likely to hinder patients ability to recover because they stop caring about life and sometimes, increasing their vulnerability to commit suicide. This is because, sometimes, patients might feel judged and need someone to actively listen to them so that they can understand their experiences, as opposed to secluding them in institutions and coercing them to take medications without even explaining to them why they need the medication (Wolvin Cohen, 2012). Therefore, family care-givers are better suited to explain doctors instructions, recommendations, and other treatment processes in a simple and friendlier way without medical jargons because they are more likely than professional care givers to bond more during communications (Collins, 2015; Jones, 2010).Noncompliance, described as the degree to which patients do not follow medication recommendations prescribed by care-givers, is one of the greatest challenges in psychiatric care. Miller and Dimatteo (2013) argued that nonadherence can be either intentional or unintentional, for instance where medication is either misunderstood or carried out incorrectly. Therefore, family members of mental health patients play a significant role in ensuring that patients comply with recommended medication. Miller and Dimatteo (2013) found that patients with both practical and emotional support from both family and friends increased their compliance by 27%. This due to the fact that functional social support improves both trust and quality of relationship between patients and their family members, hence making patients more susceptible to influence from family members. On the other hand, Osamor and Owumi (2011) argued that family members help patients to be compliant by ensuring that they adhere to doctors health advice, align their behaviors with prescribed medications, observe recommended lifestyle changes, and attend medical appointments. This means that people with family members who are concerned about their mental status and reminding them about their medication have better compliance with medication compared to patients without support of their families.On the other hand, Avasthi (2010) found that families that live with and care for people with mental health problems help them to adhere to medication by serving in various roles including, but not limited to, monitoring symptoms and supporting adherence to treatment plans recommended by doctors, and maintaining records of previous medications, hospitalizations, and treatments. According to Avasthi (2010) families involvement in these roles result to a wide range of benefits including decreased patient hospitalization and relapses, increased rates of recovery, and improved adherence to prescribed medication and treatment plans.Family members play a major role in influencing patients compliance with medication but if they lack medication knowledge, they can also lead to a myriad of problems ranging from extended patient stay at hospital due to relap se of disease to medication side effects (Pareek Kalia, 2013). Although mentally ill patients are required to regularly take their medication to avoid relapses, they rarely comply with their medication schedule because they neither have cognitive skills nor insight to their condition (Pareek Kalia, 2013). Therefore, family member need to assume the responsibility of administering medication and convince them the rationale for taking medication to boost compliance. However, inadequate or lack of medication knowledge among family members administering medication to patients is likely to cause more problems. For instance, family members might not be aware that although psychotropic medications are used in managing patients psychiatric symptoms and behaviors, they have potentially detrimentally side effects (Lindsey, 2011) that they should watch out for. Therefore, inadequate or lack of medication knowledgeon how different types of psychiatric medications including anxiolytic, antidep ressant, and antipsychotics might affect young and old patients, can impair with patients recovery. Therefore, family members need to closely work with health professionals to understand different treatment plans and administration of medication to avoid interfering with patients recovery and subsequent longer hospitalization.Outline of the Session/WorkshopObjectives of the workshopThe purpose of the proposed family pyschoeducation workshop is to create an environment conducive to teach the public about the significance of their involvement in mental health care. The public will be taught how to prevent and treat some common signs and symptoms of mental illness using medication. They will be encouraged to take part in ensuring that their mentally ill family members comply with medication. The workshop will be divided into three major sessions, each aim to teach the importance of medication intervention.Session one: welcome and IntroductionThe first session will be 45 minutes long to create an environment conducive to teach the public about their role and significance of getting involved in mental health care and how to detect various signs and symptoms of various mental health conditions such as schizophrenia. First, the session is designed to achieve a rapport between families of people with mental health problems, and the facilitators-mental health professionals. Therefore group discussion and brainstorming will be the ideal methods to use in engaging the audience. The trainers will issue trainee manuals those heights important aspects of family involvement in mental health care.Expected outcomeThe first session is expected to help trainers and trainees acquaint with each other and give the former an opportunity to share their personal experiences with mental health patients and teach them how to detect signs and symptoms o...

Neural Networks and Their Failures and Successes - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1419 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/03/18 Category Analytics Essay Level High school Tags: Failure Essay Did you like this example? Its no secret at this point that there are some really smart AIs in todays world. From everything to self-driving cars, to something so simple it only takes 9 lines of code. Many AI systems today use something called a Neural Network, which tries to mimic the human brains cognitive abilities. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Neural Networks and Their Failures and Successes" essay for you Create order A human brain consists of 100 billion cells called neurons, which are connected by synapses. When sufficient synaptic input reaches a neuron, that neuron will also trigger in a process called thinking. This is what Neural Networks aim to be, though 9 lines is only about 1 neuron. The main goal of Neural Networks and AI is to try and reach the same level of cognition and learning as a human does, where it becomes difficult to distinguish one from the other. For every success made in one area, there are many failures that arise, meaning that there are many examples of the problems with trying to teach Neural Networks how to actually solve problems the correct way. Many Neural Networks are designed to learn different tasks and give consistent results back. This is done through a Training Process where, put simply, inputs are given and constantly adjusted until the correct output is given. Through this process, Neural Networks can learn to walk or play games or to even cheat a system. Neural Networks try to be like the human mind but, much like the human mind, they can learn the wrong things and accomplish tasks in a very different manner. This problem can result in very interesting problem solving. One great example is an experiment held in a system called PolyWorld. PolyWorld is an ecological simulator of a simple flat world, possibly divided up by a few impassable barriers, and inhabited by a variety of organisms and freely growing food (Yaeger). During one of the trials of this, an input mistake was made and, while food gave energy, creating a child did not cost any energy. This led some of the organisms in the simulation to come to the conc lusion that a mostly sedentary lifestyle was the best option, as long as they reproduced and, in very much A Modest Proposal fashion, consumed their offspring to make more energy. This solved the problem of having to search for food, and allowed the organisms to not have to expend much energy to live. This means that while we can train a Neural Network to create its own solutions to given problems, in this case of survival, we are not able to teach them a form of morality and that eating ones children, while practical, is not ethical, nor is it an actual solution to living. Because these kinds of systems essentially teach themselves new solutions after some training, they can adapt to new circumstances and find new solutions as they go, and can lead to some amazing success stories. In one instance, Facebook designed its own AI to learn how to make and carryout deals, which were originally trained with another AI system. Researchers at Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR) began a study on multi-issue bargaining. Two agents in the Network system were given a set of items and told to split them amongst each other. While each agent was programmed with how highly they would value certain items, they were not aware of the value of each item for their opponents. These kinds o f interactions had each system trying to create long-term plans in order to meet their needs and get the best personal value out of each interaction. One of the goals of FAIRs AI Network systems was to create an idea known as Dialogue Rollouts. These allowed the long-term thinking systems to understand the flow of a conversation and steer around and away from any part of the conversation deemed uninformative, confusing, or frustrating. The knowledge of these kinds of interactions allows one of these systems to plan for future conversations and generate more value for themselves in future interactions. One problem of these experiments, however, was that the networks created their own language, which was essentially a very streamlined discussion and would conclude with deals being struck, though this was quickly shutdown in favor of basic English. Once the system understood what was needed and expected of it and could achieve favorable deals roughly as often as unfavorable deals. In other experiments, most people did not realize they were negotiating with a System and not another person. Other systems can pick up on language very quickly, even to the detriment of themselves. One mishap that involved a learning AI was Microsofts Twitter AI Tay. Released to the public in March, 2016 and was designed to mimic a 19-year-old girl and learn from interacting with people on Twitter. Because Neural Networks and other AI need some form of a base to learn from, just as humans do, many people started abusing this and taught her inflammatory remarks. The generally accepted problem with Tay is that she was not designed with any kind of emotional intelligence. This led to her making remarks about Hitler and other controversial statements. While Tay seems like she should have succeeded, like many Learning Systems before her, she just didnt quite learn as intended. In the case of one Learning System used by Berkeley students, a reward-shaping experiment was conducted where a Neural Network was rewarded every time it touched a soccer ball. In order to achieve the most rewards per session, the Network learned that it could get to the ball and vibrate, thus touching the ball as much as possible in as little time as it could, receiving a reward for each touch. In the same article, a Neural Network was rewarded for reaching a goal, and thats all it needed to accomplish. The Network discovered that it was not punished for moving away from the goal, so it began reaching the goal and moving in a circle around one end of the goal so that it would have a stable path and could keep moving through and being rewarded. It seems that when reward driven, if there are no set of rules saying you cannot do X, Neural Network systems kind very unique ways of accomplishing the given task in ways that give them the most reward, without actually accomplishing the real goal of the experiment. Many Neural Network systems are given tasks in which they learn to walk, with various limbs added or subtracted, and with different obstacles. Some learn to walk in short pigeon-hops, while others learn how to correctly run while maintaining their balance. Each system is given a structure and each time they fail, a new generation is made with the knowledge of prior generations, so eventually, someone kind of forward momentum is gained. But in other, more extreme cases, like David Has article, when the Neural Network agent is allowed to change its own body in order to accomplish certain goals, such as reaching the end of an area, the agent may create ways never imagined. In one trial, the agent made its back leg more stable and usable as a base and the front leg allowed it to make short hops in order to get around different obstacles. One of the Neural Network agents designed its body to have one extremely long leg that would allow it to simply fall over. In the trials given, the only goal was to make it as far to the goal as possible, but the agents were not required to reach it. By making one large leg and falling, these s ystems could meet all the requirements and had no need to ever reach the goal itself. Neural Network systems are advancing every day, and get smarter and smarter with each new iteration. But just because they are smarter does not mean that they are going to exactly complete given tasks and meet human standards. On a level of cognition, Neural Networks are, in most cases, nowhere near where the human brain is, and can only think of certain tasks 1-dinmensionally. Many reward-based tasks given are worked around and the best way to accomplish the goal is overlooked for the best way to achieve the reward. Other language learning systems only accomplish what they can parrot back. While these are highly advanced systems, they do not truly meet the active cognition that the human mind works on, though there are many new programs coming out every year. In the next few years, we may even have some systems showing signs of emotions.

A Live Action Documentary Of The History And Its Impact On...

The film contains two narratives, a live action documentary of the history of textile mills in the United States and a cartoon drama about people dealing with the struggles typical in the early years of this industry. Although they are interwoven with each other in the film, these narratives will be summarized separately in this essay for the sake of clarity, first the documentary section, and second, the cartoon, but reflected upon as a unit to better focus on the impact of the film as a whole. The documentary section details the evolution of technology in the era and its impact on society, beginning with a description of what things were like in the United States prior to the appearance of mills, noting that everything had to be done manually. In New England, the creation of clothing typically involved shearing sheep for their wool, followed by cleaning and carding the wool, making it into slivers, spinning the slivers into thread, and weaving the thread into cloth, and sewing the pieces of cloth together into clothing. Tools such as the loom and spinning wheel aided in the process, but they had to be operated manually. Water wheels had previously been used to power the grinding of grain. Eventually, in Europe, they also came to be used to power machines that handled carding, then machines called water frames that spun multiple slivers at once, thus drastically increasing the production of yarn. Spinning mills were established, generating numerous jobs. Although, in theSho w MoreRelatedMovie Response : The Interrupters880 Words   |  4 PagesThe Interrupters The documentary, The Interrupters, focus on the impact education has in the brutality and bloodshed in the United States. 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Taylorism or Scientific Management Principles at Ford...

The central theme of this essay will deal with the role of Taylorism or scientific management in a specific organization. The primary focus will be to critically discuss how the various methods of scientific management are applicable to the chosen organization, which in this case will be Ford Motors. The essay will describe F.W. Taylors early work life and techniques of scientific management and its success. It will then go on to discuss the production methods at Ford Motors prior and post the application of the management principles along with their benefits and criticisms. As the popularity of systematic management rose, there were many organizations that were implementing its main features such as employment of more unskilled workers†¦show more content†¦This would not only be advantageous for the employer but also the employee since it would result in higher wages. Due to this, the worker’s level of motivation and drive to do better would escalate leading to overall productivity of the organization (Salimath and Jones, 2011, p.88). Taylor furthermore emphasized on this method as it reduced the time taken between each activity since each worker was limited to doing a precise task. Thus, the worker was able to complete the job in the least possible time and reduce wastage. Along with improved efficiency, Taylor used scientific management techniques to make sure proper utilization of resources is taking place and wastage is being kept to a minimum (Salimath and Jones, 2011, pp. 85-86). Taylorism can be seen as an evident feature in several production based industries especially organizations specializing in automotive manufacturing. One of the key practitioners of Taylors management principles was Henry Ford, founder of Ford Motor Company. Initially at Ford motors, production used to take place by keeping the vehicle at one position and making the workers move in and about gathering the several parts together. This method unfortunately was a very tedious and time-consuming process. In view of this fact, Henry Ford appointed Taylor to monitor the operations taking place. Ford applied the scientific managementShow MoreRelatedTaylorism Is A Scientific Management System1480 Words   |  6 PagesTaylorism is a scientific management system that was developed by Fredrick Taylor in the 1880s. Taylorism works in a method based on F. Taylor’s scientific study of accomplishing different tasks instead of empirical methods or methods inspired by past experience and knowledge. Taylorism also tends to scientifically train and help develop employees’ skills instead of letting them train themselves during their time in the workplace. 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During his presidency he wrote many books documenting his methods for maximum production, i ncluding â€Å"Notes on Belting†, â€Å"Piece-rate System†, and his bestselling book â€Å"The Principles of Scientific Management.† He would argue thatRead MoreTaylorism and McDonaldization1597 Words   |  7 PagesScientific management or Taylorism is an approach to job design, developed by Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) during the Second World War. With the industrial revolution came a fast growing pool of people, seeking jobs, that required a new approach of management. Scientific management was the first management theory, applied internationally. It believes in the rational use of resources for utmost output, hence motivating workers to earn more money. Taylor believed that the incompetence of managersRead MoreImpact of Taylor and Ford on Organizations Today1747 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of Taylor and Ford on Organizations Today Scientific management is a well known approach towards management and it can be traced back to the work of Fredrick Taylor and Henry Ford. Taylor believed that similar to the way that there is best machine to each job, so there is the best method that people should undertake their jobs. Fordism which picked up the name of its pioneer, Ford, involved mass consumption which is combined with mass production to produce widespread material advancementRead MoreFrederick W. Taylor And Human Relations Essay1274 Words   |  6 Pagesfocus on some important management approaches of Taylorism and the Human Relations School. First the central tenets of both models are outlined giving examples of how they are still applied in contemporary society. 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Traditional authority is based on traditions and customs that the leader has the legitimate right to use authority. Charismatic authority

Summary Of Death Of A Salesman - 3982 Words

Ahmad Maruf â€Å"American Literature and Corporate Culture† Professor Ritzenberg Final Paper Looking for Someone To Blame in the Mirror Arthur Miller s play â€Å"Death of a Salesman† tells the story of a salesman confronting failure in the success-driven society of America and shows the tragic trajectory that eventually leads to his suicide. It addresses a broken family, loss of identity, and a salesman s inability to accept change within himself and society. On the other hand, based on the memoir written by Jordan Belfort, Martin Scorsese’s movie â€Å"Wolf of Wall Street† features Jordan Belfort, the drug-addicted stockbroker who makes millions defrauding investors, laundering money, and manipulating the market. What makes the movie a crucial and troubling document of the present is not so much Jordan s business plan—he tells us repetitively that it s too complicated and uninteresting to explain—as his approach to life. The success of such a sensationalist movie that archives the rise of a reckless, morally questionable, and self-made man reflects a tension of modern American cul ture, making us question traditional values of a good life. It is obvious that both protagonists lead an unhappy, deeply troubled, and broken family life, lacking strong family support system and stability. 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In the first paragraph of his essay, Arthur Miller, in summary, states that the overriding view in tragedies is that commonplace citizens’ lives are so ordinary that they do not seem tragic (Miller 1833). However, Miller disagrees with that point of view, stating in his second paragraph, â€Å"I believe that the commonRead More Death of a Salesman, by Arthur Miller Essay1241 Words   |  5 Pages Death of A Salesman, written by Arthur Miller, is a play based on the turmoil within an average American family. Miller wrote Death of A Salesman easily showcasing the elements of drama. I was easily able to follow the plot, identify with his characters, and picture the setting. The main theme of the plot seemed to be Willy reaching for the American Dream. Financial success, business success, outwardly perfect family, revered by your peers, and in general respected by all. EarlyRead MoreLiterary Analysis: Death of a Salesman Essay1705 Words   |  7 Pagesyou end up worth more dead than alive, (Miller, 98). This quote was spoken by the main character of the Arthur Miller play Death of a Salesman: Willy Loman. This tragedy takes place in Connecticut during the late 1940s. It is the story of a salesman, Willy Loman, and his family’s struggles with the American Dream, betrayal, and abandonment. Willy Loman is a failing salesman recently demoted to commission and unable to pay his bills. He is married to a woman by the name of Linda and has two sonsRead MoreEffectiveness Of Redefining Failure By Julia Baird1263 Words   |  6 PagesRedefining Failure, it is important to note the effectiveness the article has, because of the way the author constr ucts the article. As the author begins her introduction she makes sure to grab her audience with an illustration from the novel, â€Å"Death of Salesman†. She presents her argument by saying that the novel was written 60 years ago. Stating, that because of the difference in society, failure is now viewed completely different than it was before. Furthermore, she explains that the main characterRead MoreComparative Essay; Things Fall Apart1664 Words   |  7 PagesFather-Son Relationships The parent-child relationship plays a large role in various literary works. The novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe and the play Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, both explore the dynamic of many parent-child relationships. Death of a Salesman regarded the troubling relationship that Willy Loman, an unsuccessful Salesman, had with his two children Biff and Happy. Similarly, in Things Fall Apart it described the life of a man named Okonkwo who had much controversy when itRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1216 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Miller’s 1949 creation, Death of a Salesman, is adapted for the small screen by German director Volker Schlà ¶ndorff. This 1985 made-for-television film stars Dustin Hoffman as protagonist William â€Å"Willy† Loman. Kate Reid, John Malkovich, and Stephen Lang round out the Loman family in the roles of Linda, Biff, and Harold Happy, respectively. The film closely follows Miller’s original work as it tells the story of Willy, an overworked and underappreciated salesman, losing his grip on reality and

Self Concept Paper Free Essays

Self Concept Paper Although, many people like and dislike many of their physical appearances they have to cope with the fact that they can not change them and that their unique characteristics make them who they are. My favorite characteristic is my hair; I like my hair because it is long and curly. I can do a number of different styles with my hair such as straightening it, making it wavy or leaving it curly. We will write a custom essay sample on Self Concept Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’ve never been bothered with my hair because my hair is unique and not many people have the type of curls that I do. Another one of my favorite characteristics is my eyes and eyelashes. I like my eyes because they have a nice shape; like an almond their not to big nor are they too small. My eyelashes are super long, I cut them in fourth grade because I thought they were too long but luckily they grew back at a good length. I also like my legs; I like my legs because they have a nice muscle tone and their not to big. One of my traits that I don’t like is my teeth. I don’t like my teeth because I have a gap. They’re not that bad because they’re all straight but my gap irritates me bad. My feet is another characteristic that I don’t like about myself, the reason I don’t like my feet is because is because they’re too wide and my toes are chunky. Even though, we like to think we don’t relate to anyone and we’re our own person; the truth is that we do, humans share many traits with each other. I like to think that I am caring, hardworking and honest. I’m thoughtful because I care for other people; I like to know what’s going on with people and if something is on their mind. I’m a hard worker because I strive to do my best at anything I do, I don’t like to see myself fail at any goal I’m trying to accomplish. I’m truthful because I’ve been lied to as a child and in the past. The feeling of being lied to hurts, it makes someone feel as though their feelings or emotions don’t matter and that their not strong enough to handle the truth. Me personally, I would never want to lie to someone and put them through anything they shouldn’t have to go through. One bad thing about me is that I’m judgmental, I judge people before I even get the chance to meet them or even know what their like. If I see someone I stereotype them and until I really get to know the person well, I always just have those thoughts. Another thing about me is that I’m naive. I believe anything anyone tells me; someone can tell me there’s a fire in my house while I’m in it and ill say â€Å"where? † The worst thing about me is my attitude. I have a bad attitude and if I don’t like someone it definitely shows, but I have frequent mood swings. If I’m having a bad day or someone frustrated me, half my day will be ruined and ill take it out on everyone else but not intentionally. I have a well rounded personality, I feel as though I’m a easy person to get along with; I’m helpful, friendly, and trustworthy. I like to be beneficial to anyone who needs it, everyone needs a helping hand every once in a while and need someone to help them get on their feet; I like to be that person. I’m extremely outgoing I like to have a good time and enjoy myself know matter where I’m at. I don’t like anyone feeling left out so I always try to make the person I’m with have as much as a good time I’m having. Having someone who is dependable is important. Everyone needs that one friend who they can run to and tell all there secrets to and not second guess them even telling a soul, I feel as though I’m very reliable. A few negative personality traits I have are being shy, stubborn and not talkative. I’m very timid around people I don’t know or around people I feel uncomfortable with, but once I get to know you very welcoming and outgoing. If I don’t know you, I wont talk to you or try to conversate with you, I’m not talkative to people I’m not familiar with. The worst personality trait I have is being stubborn. If I could change me being stubborn I definitely would. Being obstinate can cause a lot of conflict especially with other obstinate people; if things don’t go my way I become highly frustrated very fast. I interviewed three people and how they view me as an individual, I wasn’t too surprise with the responses I received because I can see why they would think that way about me. Some positive things that were said about me are that I’m very responsible, dependable and hardworking. I, myself had also thought I was hardworking; I like to achieve all my goals and get everything done. I’m reliable because everyone knows if they ask me to do something and I’m able to do it, it will get done. That’s sort of where my perfectionist kicks in, where everything has to be done right and in order. A few negative things that my family thought was being hardheaded, impatient and having a bad attitude. I admit that I’m hardheaded because I don’t listen to what people tell me even if they know for a fact it’s a bad decision. I like to make my own mistakes and learn from them because if you don’t learn from your mistakes you’re going to keep making them. I also agree that I’m intolerant because I have no patience to wait for anything. I get easily frustrated when something takes longer than it has to. I take my school work and jobs very seriously, so when it comes to school I work I don’t play around and try my hardest to do everything the way it’s suppose to be and to do everything on time. I’m extremely hard working; I strive to do my best in any and everything I do so I can make something out of myself. I’m a very driven person when it comes to something important because if you loose sight of the big picture, your goals or ambitions you will be lost in the long run and it will take you longer to get to where you want to be. I’m so determined to make something of myself because my whole life I’ve seen my family struggling just to make ends meet and I don’t want to see myself in their shoes, I want to succeed and be someone in the future. I do have a few negative attribute when it comes to performance at school or work, just like everyone else. I’m easily sidetracked because when I’m focused on something I want done and another thing pops up or needs to be done such as cleaning, phone calls or picking up my sister I’ll do it with out finishing the first thing I was doing. I’m most distracted when I’m in school because if I get a text message or phone call while taking notes or listening to a lecture I loose concentration. Being a procrastinator is the worst trait I think I could have picked up on because I throw important things to the backburner, thinking I will do it when I’m ready or when I’m finished with something and I end up forgetting about it all together. I’m often sluggish because I go to school Monday through Thursdays and work everyday, so sometimes I won’t finish or accomplish many things such as homework, projects or studying because I just want sit around, rest or sleep all day. Throughout the day, I’m a pretty laid back relaxed person. I get things done in that process though. I keep myself motivated because if I’m not motivated I won’t succeed but I’m a very organized person and that shows that I care about my priorities. My biggest problem that I’ve dealt with my whole life is waking up late. I tend to sleep in or over sleep most of the time, that’s not a good attribute because I waste my entire day by sleeping and sometimes I’m late to class and miss parts of a lectures. Throughout the day I find myself cleaning up after my self and other all the time. I’m too much of a clean freak, I usually annoy people who are with or around me and because I’m always straightening up the house. A non-clean person irritates me to death, it makes me mad when people don’t clean up after their selves. When it comes to mental functioning I like to think of myself as a multitasked person, very curious and spontaneous, independent, antagonistic, horrible at math and having a bad memory. Being able to do a lot of things at once is a positive attribute to me as long as your doing all the things correct; I can get many things done at one time while doing an impressive job. I like the fact that I’m curious and spontaneous, I like to discover and try new things because we only live once. My friends love hanging out with me and anyways ask me about things to do. I’m a very independent person who doesn’t like to seek help from others, I like to do things on my own and provide for myself, it makes me feel good. I feel as though I need to work for what I want because nothing is ever given to you. Math is my worst subject and I’ve always struggled with it throughout my life, but I’ve come to realize that I am not the only person with that problem. Now that I am in college and need to take 3 more semesters of math I seek help from the math tutors and by doing that I have learned a great amount, math is beginning to become understanding instead of stressful. Having a bad memory is a bad attribute that I have I can never remember important things that I’m suppose to remember. If I’m having a conversation with someone and I get sidetracked I’ll forget my entire train of thought. My friends and family get frustrated with me when I forget things. How to cite Self Concept Paper, Papers

Diabetes As A Public Health Priority In Singapore †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Diabetes As A Public Health Priority In Singapore. Answer: Introduction There have been a revolutionary change in the health care industry in the past decade and the technological advances coupled with the pharmaceutical progress. However, with the advances in the health care industry, the lifestyle characteristics of different socio-economic groups have changed as well. In the present age of acute competition and struggle for existence, the society and the inhabitants of the society, rarely has time left for the personal care and health promotion. Along with the modernization in the society, the impact is visible on the health of the populations by the virtue of lack of health promotional and preventative behaviour and bad lifestyle choices (Png Yoong, 2014). As a result, the health care needs of the target populations are diversifying every day and in form of new challenges, new public health priorities and diseases are becoming rising concerns for the health care authorities. For instance, diseases like obesity, cardio-vascular diseases, renal diseases, hypertension, anxiety, and much more are rising every hour; and among all the rising health concerns, diabetes can be considered a very grave public health priority that has raised the concerns of global health authorities. The prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are enhancing every day, regardless of age, sex, socio-economic conditions and even demographics (Ng et al., 2015). This essay will focus in the current status of diabetes as a public health priority in Singapore, a prime example of a developing nation with alarming incidence rate of diabetes; and will attempt to evaluate the government initiatives taken and its progress linking it with Ottawa charter and the psychosoc ial developmental stages of Erikson. Literature review Elaborating on the current status of diabetes in Singapore, it has to be mentioned that diabetes can be considered as one of the most growing concerns in the health care scenario of the nation (Wang et al., 2012). As per the recent statistics, Singapore is the nation that is considered to be the microcosm of the Asian continent, and the lifestyle characteristics of the rapidly aging population of the nation is a more or less sedentary, the concept of health promotion behaviours and exercise is not very popular in the Confucian society of the nation. As a result, obesity and related health problems like diabetes, cardiovascular and renal diseases are a growing concern for the national health and welfare authorities (Phan et al., 2014). According to the Odegaard et al. (2010), Singapore is a rapidly progressing nation with the second highest diabetes incidence rate among the developing nations and the annual percentage of diabetes incidence has mounted to an alarming figure of 400000. It has to be mentioned in this context that the health surveys have revealed that one in three adults aged 18 to 69 in the Singapore are at very high risk of developing the disease (Yang et al., 2011). The health survey has indicated the fact that the number of type two diabetics under the age of 70 is predicted to rise to a surprising number of 670000 in the coming decade and very alarmingly, it has been predicted to rise to one million by the year of 2050. On a more elaborative note, it has to be mentioned that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is significantly higher for the Singaporeans than that of type 1 diabetes or as popularly known as juvenile diabetes. Along with that, a recent survey report from the national health and welfare authorities has indicted at the fact that the total population of diabetics in the nation constitutes of more than 90% of type 2 diabetes and only close to 8% of type 1 or juvenile diabetes (Brostow et al., 2011). Hence, from the statistics that has been analysed for this assignment, it can be concluded that the burden of type 2 diabetes is far more on the target population in case of Singapore. Now type 2 diabetes targets the adults and the major contributing factors behind the development of this health adversity is the sedentary lifestyle, lack of proper dietary plan, junk eating and most of all obesity. Hence the promotional and preventative strategies or measures for controlling the ever rising concern of type 2 diabetes in Singapore needs to focus on changing the health behaviours and enhancing the awareness of the target population involving the adults belonging to the age group of 18 to 69 (Odegaard et al., 2010). In order to fight the battle against the alarmingly rising statistics of diabetes in the nation, many measures and strategies have been taken by the government. The ministry of health or MOH has focused on programs and plans that urge the citizens to take control of their lifestyle and in turn their health. There have been preventative initiatives taken by the health promotional board in the hopes of incorporating healthy changes to the lifestyle and dietary preferences in an attempt to reduce the risk of type two diabetes in the target population. These initiatives include Healthier Dining Programme, Healthier Ingredient Development Scheme and the Healthier Choice Symbol identifier programs. The main focus of these programs are to propel the awareness in the target population about the risk of diabetes and incorporate healthier eating habits and according to the authors, Eat, Drink, Shop Healthy Campaign has been very effective in propelling the general awareness in the target popul ation (Mcqueen De Salazar, 2011). Aside from the preventative campaigns, the diabetes management initiatives by the government are needed to be highlighted here as well. The Diabetes Prevention and Care Taskforce has allied with the beverage and packaged food product manufacturers of the nation in an attempt to reduce the rate of sugar consumption by the nation while consuming the packaged food items. Seven industry leaders including the Coca-Cola, FN Foods, Malaysia Dairy Industries, Nestle, PepsiCo, Pokka, and Yeo Hiap Seng have collaborated with the government and had been successful to reduce the consumable sugar percentage to 12%. This has been very effective in controlling the nationwide sugar consumption rate in the target group, and in turn has contributed to reduce the blood sugar levels of millions of Singaporeans (Moh.gov.sg. 2018). Lastly, the nation has been taking commendable efforts to improve the lifestyle and dietary habits of the citizens by revolutionizing the eating habits of the citizens as well. Health promotional campaigns have been devoted to this particular strategy of the nation, the healthy dining program. Along with encouraging the nation to start eating healthy, this multidisciplinary program has also emphasized on the exercising and physical activity and fitness of the target population. The National Steps Challenge has been the biggest milestone in the process of encouraging the citizens to participate more in the fitness programs. Moreover, the incorporation of the Smartphone technology and wearable devices has contributed in the success of the programs further (Moh.gov.sg., 2018). Now considering the possible benefits and the pitfalls of the elaborate diabetes prevention and management programs designed and implemented in the past couple of years it has to be mentioned that the success that the government programs and strategies has garnered is commendable. However, there is still enough room for more improvement and there are many milestones to cross before the Singapore government can sit back and rejoice in the success of their strategic actions and initiatives. According to the Marcia (2010), it can be stated that the gap left behind in the overall success of the preventative campaigning is the lack of linking to the psychosocial development and welfare needs of the target group. According to the Ottawa charter successful and effective health promotion can be subdivided into five separate areas, building healthy public policies, creation of supportive environments, strengthening community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health care serv ices according to the prevention or illness and health promotion. Now, elaborating on the policies and programs that Singaporean government has initiated, the focus is on two of the areas, building healthy public policy and reorientation of the health care to prevent diabetes and promote healthy behaviour (Mcqueen De Salazar, 2011). However, the government is taking no sincere community oriented actions and supportive environments where the diabetics and target groups at risk are united as a community that helps and collaborates towards a unanimous and collaborative success. Along with that, the emphasis on personal skill development is also very minimal, there is need for more workshops and campaigns where the target groups should be educated to keep track of their own blood sugar levels and calories consumed. Insulin administration is also a sector that many diabetics struggle with; there is need for enhanced effort on addressing these individual health needs and skill enhancemen ts (Mcqueen De Salazar, 2011). From another point of view, any behavioural change, regardless of it being a personal or associated with health promotional behaviour, it is dependent on the psychosocial development and judgment of the individuals. According to Erik Erikson, there are 8 separate stages of psycho-social development of a human being and each stage has a different impact (Newman Newman, 2017). In this context stage 6, 7 and 8 relate with the target population under focus of this study, and there are implications of these developmental patterns are significant. It has to be mentioned that familial relationships and long-term relationships have a strong relation to the well-being and health related resilience. The promotional strategies should focus on the earlier developmental stages so that the children and adolescents can develop healthy eating habits from the very beginning and the risk factors can be avoided from the early stages (Batra, 2013). Conclusion On a concluding note, it has to be mentioned that wellbeing and better life constitutes psychological, physical, societal and spiritual health for the different individuals. The health promotional campaigns should also focus on the psychosocial and spiritual welfare of the target groups. The health strategies implemented by the Singaporean authorities focus on only physical health and behavioural change, and hence for more success scope the strategies should be aligned with the psychosocial development of the target groups. References: Batra, S. (2013). The psychosocial development of children: implications for education and societyErik Erikson in context.Contemporary education dialogue,10(2), 249-278. Brostow, D. P., Odegaard, A. O., Koh, W. P., Duval, S., Gross, M. D., Yuan, J. M., Pereira, M. A. (2011). Omega-3 fatty acids and incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition,94(2), 520-526. Marcia, J. E. (2010). Life transitions and stress in the context of psychosocial development. InHandbook of stressful transitions across the lifespan(pp. 19-34). Springer, New York, NY. Mcqueen, D. V., De Salazar, L. (2011). Health promotion, the Ottawa Charter and developing personal skills: a compact history of 25 years.Health promotion international,26(suppl_2), ii194-ii201. Newman, B. M., Newman, P. R. (2017).Development through life: A psychosocial approach. Cengage Learning. Ng, C. S., Toh, M. P. H. S., Ko, Y., Lee, J. Y. C. (2015). Direct medical cost of type 2 diabetes in Singapore.PLoS One,10(3), e0122795. Odegaard, A. O., Koh, W. P., Arakawa, K., Yu, M. C., Pereira, M. A. (2010). Soft drink and juice consumption and risk of physician-diagnosed incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.American journal of epidemiology,171(6), 701-708. Phan, T. P., Alkema, L., Tai, E. S., Tan, K. H., Yang, Q., Lim, W. Y., ... Chia, K. S. (2014). Forecasting the burden of type 2 diabetes in Singapore using a demographic epidemiological model of Singapore.BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care,2(1), e000012. Png, M. E., Yoong, J. S. Y. (2014). Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification versus metformin therapy for the prevention of diabetes in Singapore.PLoS One,9(9), e107225. Potvin, L., Jones, C. M. (2011). Twenty-five years after the Ottawa Charter: the critical role of health promotion for public health.Canadian Journal of Public Health/Revue Canadienne de Sante'e Publique, 244-248. The Fight Against Diabetes. (2018).Moh.gov.sg. Retrieved 6 February 2018, from https://www.moh.gov.sg Wang, Y., Lee, J., Toh, M. P. H. S., Tang, W. E., Ko, Y. (2012). Validity and reliability of a self?reported measure of medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Singapore.Diabetic Medicine,29(9). Yang, Y., stbye, T., Tan, S. B., Salam, Z. H. A., Ong, B. C., Yang, K. S. (2011). Risk factors for lower extremity amputation among patients with diabetes in Singapore.Journal of Diabetes and its Complications,25(6), 382-386.